JLEL: Journal Language Educatioan & Literacy

ABSTRACT


INTRODUCTION
Epistemologically, the word "pattern" is defined as a way of working, and the word "care" means guarding, nurturing, educating, guiding, helping, educating children who are oriented toward independence. In terminology, parenting is the best way for parents to educate their children to show their responsibility to children (Arjoni, 2017). Sugihartono, (2015) also revealed that parenting style is parenting style used by parents to relate to their children. Parenting is a pattern of parenting or parental guidance for children in which parents educate, guide and direct good behavior, protect children in achieving the maturity process in accordance with good norms and values in community life. In a family environment, a child will learn the basics of behavior that are important for his life. Character is learned by children through family members, especially parents. The parenting style applied by parents will have an impact on the behavior of the child. (Fellasari, 2016).
Parents are the first environment that children meet, making a major contribution in shaping a child's personality. Families have parenting models and methods of providing education. (Ayun, 2017). Being a parent is a joy, especially for married adults. In fulfilling the mandate given by Allah SWT for the education and development of children, many factors influence the formation of a child's personality. According to Sigmund Freud, psychoanalytic theory states that the development of a child's personality is influenced by what they receive in the golden age, namely the first years of life between 0 and 6 years, and the ability to live it all. Children have good personality when they grow up. With this parenting style, parents also give children freedom of choice and freedom of action to love children.
The success of students in the learning process is inseparable from the motivation of the child's parents themselves so that they can carry out the learning process for students, the amount of teaching parents to their children can affect the success of students in learning. Parents are also responsible for paying attention to their children's education such as completing their child's needs so that they are enthusiastic and motivated in learning. Rostiana, et al (2015) also stated that the better the parents' upbringing, the higher the child's motivation to learn.
Motivation is a kind of encouragement to a person or group that arises from within a person or group or can also be caused by factors outside the individual or group. Motivation to learn is the encouragement of the learning process in other words the purpose of learning is to get good results. Many students experience problems in learning as a result of low learning outcomes achieved. Syaparuddin, et al (2020) explained that learning motivation is a psychological factor that is nonintellectual. its unique role in terms of fostering enthusiasm, feeling happy and eager to learn.
Fadhilah (2019) explains that parenting style and the role of parents influence student learning motivation. Parenting patterns affect the personality of children as adults. This is because the characteristics and character elements of an adult individual have actually been formed long before the seed was implanted in the individual's soul from the start, namely when he was a child. In other words, the way parents treat their children from childhood influences their social and moral development in adulthood. It is this socio-moral development that shapes the character and attitudes of children in the future, although there are many other factors that influence the formation of children's attitudes which are reflected in their character.
Motivation in English is called motivation which comes from the Latin movere which means to move (Palupi, 2014). Learning motivation can be described as the driving force of students, which generates, guarantees and guides learning so that the goals in teaching and learning can be achieved. Its characteristic role is to foster desire, emotion and desire to learn. Highly motivated students have a lot of energy to complete learning activities (Sadirman, 2011).
Harianti (2016) suggests that one of the factors that influence learning motivation is the learning environment and parenting style which in turn will determine the quality of student learning. The next factor that influences the motivation to learn is the family, in this case, the parenting style. When a parent's open and ever-changing attitude helps children to understand their own changing self, it also helps to increase their enthusiasm for learning. Children do not feel compelled to go to school and their enthusiasm for learning continues to grow, with a positive attitude it is easier for children to increase their learning motivation. Children optimize their thinking skills at school and always try to do their homework correctly. However, this does not happen in smart schools, that motivation is no longer supported by a minimal learning environment and even poor parenting.
Learning motivation is encouragement from parents to their children by causing children's behavior to be directed in undergoing learning at school so that children can achieve certain goals with motivation from these parents. Learning motivation is not only a driving force to achieve good results but contains efforts to achieve learning goals, where there is understanding and development of learning (Hadinata, 2009). The role of learning motivation has success in order to achieve certain goals so that the learning carried out by these students is optimal. The more precise the motivation given, the greater the success of students in achieving the desired results. This study aims to determine the effect of parenting style and student learning motivation on learning achievement in Indonesian subjects.

METHODS
This research was conducted using a qualitative approach according to Moleong (2007: 6) which defines qualitative research as research that aims to understand the phenomena experienced by research subjects. It is more suitable and suitable for researching matters related to research on the subject's behavior, attitudes, motivation, perceptions and actions. In other words, this type of research cannot use quantitative methods. The technique used is descriptive analysis to explain the role of relationships and the impact of parenting styles on children's learning motivation. The data in this study are the responses from the informants obtained through the spread of adoption to the informants. The questionnaire distributed relates to the impact of parenting styles on children's learning motivation. Data analysis was carried out by tabulating data from informants according to the following indicators. First, parenting style influences learning motivation. Second, parenting style influences the child's personality. Third, parenting style influences the child's association.

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
In carrying out the research conducted on informants by distributing questionnaires referring to how many three indicators, namely (a) parenting style influences learning motivation; (b) parenting style influences the child's personality; and (c) parenting styles affect children's social interactions. Based on the results of distributing the questionnaire, 17 informants were involved in filling it out. Based on the 17 informants who filled out the questionnaire, it can be seen that the most dominant indicator is parenting style that influences learning motivation. For more details, it can be seen in the following table. Parenting style influences children's learning motivation. 52.9 47.1 0 0 The impact of parenting style is very influential on the child's learning process.
52.9 47.1 0 0 Parenting patterns can affect changes in a child's personality. 47.1 52.9 0 0 The instinct of parents is to protect their children, but that doesn't mean that children have to be "fenced off" from trouble. Parenting like this can make children less grateful and appreciate something. Sometimes children also need to learn to deal with loss or problems. Based on this table, it can be concluded that parenting style has a fairly high influence on learning motivation and parents influence the practice of parenting. It can be said that student achievement is influenced by family, school and community factors. Therefore, the learning achievement produced by students is a shared responsibility between family, community and government. Ahmadi stated that family is the most important primary group in society. 4 Parents play a very important role in guiding and accompanying children in their daily lives. Parents cannot completely hand over their children's education to the school. Parents must take part in children's lives, because children's education starts from how parents educate children when they are at home. So it is important for parents to apply proper parenting in educating children for the success of children in school. students. This is in line with the opinion expressed by (Fadilah, 2019) The ideal education that children receive is education that can have a positive impact on children. This is inseparable from the role of parents who accompany their children to learn optimally. Application of parenting to children, family presence greatly affects children's education. The role of parents is very necessary in the process of children's motivation, and influencing children's enthusiasm for learning. This is in line with the opinion of Ki Hajar Dewantara (in Shocib, 2010) that the family is the first and most important center of education, because since the emergence of humanity until now the family has always influenced the growth of the character of every human being. This makes the family play an important role in the education of children.
A child will feel supported when his parents provide motivation for the child, the child will also feel encouraged if the parents provide good and right care. Children are usually easy to understand if they are raised gently and not violently. Parents also need to pay attention to what children are interested in and support what children are interested in in the learning process by motivating children so that what children are interested in can be pursued in their field.
The family has a role in implementing parenting for children. Parenting is the control of parents in providing direction to children, in this case parents educate and guide children's personality according to their developmental age, there are three types of parenting styles that can be applied to children, namely authoritarian parenting, democratic parenting, and permissive parenting. . Authoritarian parenting styles raise children with strict rules, often forcing children to behave like themselves (parents), freedom to act on their own behalf is limited, democratic parenting is a form of parenting that pays attention to and respects children's freedom, but that freedom not absolute, parents provide understanding guidance to children, while permissive parenting is indulgent parenting, because it is marked by the freedom and openness given by parents to their children.
Some things parents must do to provide a good parenting model for their children are to give praise for the efforts their child has made, this can increase the child's self-confidence, protect children from physical and emotional trauma, it is natural for children to be angry because of his mistakes, as long as the goal is to educate children with a sense of love. Support children's development by giving them love and warmth, the warm attitude of parents helps the development of children's nerve cells and intelligence. Never compare a child with other children. Each child is unique, so each child has their own strengths and weaknesses. Parents should focus on developing their strengths Not being authoritative. Do not force the will of parents on children. Instead, parents must become teachers who can develop children's skills. Teaching children responsibility, teaching responsibility to children can be done as early as possible so that children can protect their environment. Fulfilling Nutritional Needs, nutrition is an important factor that determines a child's intelligence, create a positive atmosphere in an environment that promotes children's skills and creativity, parents who always provide a positive perspective on children can shape children into individuals who are more independent and not easily abandoned. As well as communicate actively with children. Children and parents should be open to each other so that children are more comfortable telling stories to their parents. Based on the results of the study there were differences in learning motivation, the researchers took a sample of 17 students and their parents with high, medium and low motivation categories. Based on the data analysis that has been done, it can be explained about the forms of parenting found on student learning motivation. From the results found, it can be seen that parents who apply democratic parenting, children of parents who instill a form of democratic parenting can be seen that motivation in class is included in the high category and children achieve at school. Based on the data found, in the form of democratic parenting all parents equally apply democratic parenting, and take care of their children and give them the freedom to do things but are still under the supervision of parents. Of all these parents, there is one of their children who falls into the category of low motivation from parents. This is because the intelligence level of the child is lacking, because the child pays less attention to the lesson during the learning process. When the teacher gives the assignment, the child does not do the task and is often late in doing the assignment given by the teacher. Parents who apply democratic parenting tend to have high motivation which is categorized as having high child intelligence and learning habits carried out while at home, due to the influence of their parents.
Research findings obtained from the results of observations and interviews conducted with parents and children, by managing their upbringing they apply it strictly, discipline, many rules that must be obeyed by children and given punishment when they make mistakes. Such as forbidding these children to leave the house and forbidding them to play outside the house. Of the various parenting styles associated with children's learning motivation. In addition, there are factors that influence the parenting style applied by parents. The attitude of parents who always pay attention to their child's learning progress will encourage children to be more enthusiastic in learning. The attention and role of parents is very much needed by children. Because at this age, they are not yet able to be independent in all things, including in terms of learning. Parenting that can increase motivation to learn is democratic. Because democracy is free in the sense of giving children the freedom to explore their talents and interests so that the child feels free to achieve and there is no pressure.

CONCLUSION
Parenting patterns affect children's motivation to learn, the way parents increase children's motivation in learning greatly influences the level of intelligence of these children. It depends on parents how to motivate children to learn because it greatly influences children's intelligence in learning. Parents must encourage children to be motivated from the closest people such as parents.